Application of ventilator-associated events (VAE) in ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) notified in Brazil (IMPACTO MR-PAV): a protocol for a cohort study.

INTRODUCTION: Certain criteria for ventilator-associated events (VAE) definition might influence the type of an event, its detection rate and consequently the resource expenditure in intensive care unit. The Impact of Infections by Antimicrobial-Resistant Microorganisms - Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia (IMPACTO MR-PAV) aims to evaluate the incidence and diagnostic accuracy of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) using the current criteria for VAP surveillance in Brazil versus the VAE criteria defined by the US National Healthcare Safety Network-Center for Diseases Control and Prevention (CDC) criteria. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: The study will be conducted in around 15 centres across Brazil from October 2022 to December 2023. Trained healthcare professionals will collect data and compare the incidence of VAP using both the current criteria for VAP surveillance in Brazil and the VAE criteria defined by the CDC. The accuracy of the two criteria for identifying VAP will also be analysed. It will also characterise other events associated with mechanical ventilation (ventilator-associated condition, infection-related ventilator-associated complication) and adjudicate VAP reported to the Brazilian Health Regulatory Agency (ANVISA) using current epidemiological diagnostic criteria. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board under the number 52354721.0.1001.0070. The study's primary outcome measure will be the incidence of VAP using the two different surveillance criteria, and the secondary outcome measures will be the accuracy of the two criteria for identifying VAP and the adjudication of VAP reported to ANVISA. The results will contribute to the improvement of VAP surveillance in Brazil and may have implications for other countries that use similar criteria. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT05589727; Clinicaltrials.gov.

Erratum: Evaluation of the characteristics of infection prevention and control programs and infection control committees in Brazilian hospitals: A countrywide cross-sectional study - CORRIGENDUM.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1017/ash.2023.136.].

Evaluation of the characteristics of infection prevention and control programs and infection control committees in Brazilian hospitals: A countrywide cross-sectional study.

Objective: Data are scarce regarding hospital infection control committees and compliance with infection prevention and control (IPC) recommendations in Brazil, a country of continental dimensions. We assessed the main characteristics of infection control committees (ICCs) on healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) in Brazilian hospitals. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in ICCs of public and private hospitals distributed across all Brazilian regions. Data were collected directly from the ICC staff by completing an online questionnaire and during on-site visits through face-to-face interviews. Results: In total, 53 Brazilian hospitals were evaluated from October 2019 to December 2020. All hospitals had implemented the IPC core components in their programs. All centers had protocols for the prevention and control of ventilator-associated pneumonia as well as bloodstream, surgical site, and catheter-associated urinary tract infections. Most hospitals (80%) had no budget specifically allocated to the IPC program; 34% of the laundry staff had received specific IPC training; and only 7.5% of hospitals reported occupational infections in healthcare workers. Conclusions: In this sample, most ICCs complied with the minimum requirements for IPC programs. The main limitation regarding ICCs was the lack of financial support. The findings of this survey support the development of strategic plans to improve IPCs in Brazilian hospitals.

IMPACTO-MR: um estudo brasileiro de plataforma nacional para avaliar infecções e multirresistência em unidades de terapia intensiva / IMPACTO-MR: a Brazilian nationwide platform study to assess infections and multidrug resistance in intensive care units

RESUMO Objetivo: Descrever o IMPACTO-MR, um estudo brasileiro de plataforma nacional em unidades de terapia intensiva focado no impacto das infecções por bactérias multirresistentes relacionadas à assistência à saúde. Métodos: Descrevemos a plataforma IMPACTO-MR, seu desenvolvimento, critérios para seleção das unidades de terapia intensiva, caracterização da coleta de dados, objetivos e projetos de pesquisa futuros a serem realizados na plataforma. Resultados: Os dados principais foram coletados por meio do Epimed Monitor System® e consistiram em dados demográficos, dados de comorbidades, estado funcional, escores clínicos, diagnóstico de internação e diagnósticos secundários, dados laboratoriais, clínicos e microbiológicos e suporte de órgãos durante a internação na unidade de terapia intensiva, entre outros. De outubro de 2019 a dezembro de 2020, 33.983 pacientes de 51 unidades de terapia intensiva foram incluídos no banco de dados principal. Conclusão: A plataforma IMPACTO-MR é um banco de dados clínico brasileiro de unidades de terapia intensiva focado na pesquisa do impacto das infecções por bactérias multirresistentes relacionadas à assistência à saúde. Essa plataforma fornece dados para o desenvolvimento e pesquisa de unidades de terapia intensiva individuais e ensaios clínicos observacionais e prospectivos multicêntricos.

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe the IMPACTO-MR, a Brazilian nationwide intensive care unit platform study focused on the impact of health care-associated infections due to multidrug-resistant bacteria. Methods: We described the IMPACTO-MR platform, its development, criteria for intensive care unit selection, characterization of core data collection, objectives, and future research projects to be held within the platform. Results: The core data were collected using the Epimed Monitor System® and consisted of demographic data, comorbidity data, functional status, clinical scores, admission diagnosis and secondary diagnoses, laboratory, clinical, and microbiological data, and organ support during intensive care unit stay, among others. From October 2019 to December 2020, 33,983 patients from 51 intensive care units were included in the core database. Conclusion: The IMPACTO-MR platform is a nationwide Brazilian intensive care unit clinical database focused on researching the impact of health care-associated infections due to multidrug-resistant bacteria. This platform provides data for individual intensive care unit development and research and multicenter observational and prospective trials.

IMPACTO-MR: a Brazilian nationwide platform study to assess infections and multidrug resistance in intensive care units. / IMPACTO-MR: um estudo brasileiro de plataforma nacional para avaliar infecções e multirresistência em unidades de terapia intensiva.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the IMPACTO-MR, a Brazilian nationwide intensive care unit platform study focused on the impact of health care-associated infections due to multidrug-resistant bacteria. METHODS: We described the IMPACTO-MR platform, its development, criteria for intensive care unit selection, characterization of core data collection, objectives, and future research projects to be held within the platform. RESULTS: The core data were collected using the Epimed Monitor System® and consisted of demographic data, comorbidity data, functional status, clinical scores, admission diagnosis and secondary diagnoses, laboratory, clinical, and microbiological data, and organ support during intensive care unit stay, among others. From October 2019 to December 2020, 33,983 patients from 51 intensive care units were included in the core database. CONCLUSION: The IMPACTO-MR platform is a nationwide Brazilian intensive care unit clinical database focused on researching the impact of health care-associated infections due to multidrug-resistant bacteria. This platform provides data for individual intensive care unit development and research and multicenter observational and prospective trials.

OBJETIVO: Descrever o IMPACTO-MR, um estudo brasileiro de plataforma nacional em unidades de terapia intensiva focado no impacto das infecções por bactérias multirresistentes relacionadas à assistência à saúde. MÉTODOS: Descrevemos a plataforma IMPACTO-MR, seu desenvolvimento, critérios para seleção das unidades de terapia intensiva, caracterização da coleta de dados, objetivos e projetos de pesquisa futuros a serem realizados na plataforma. RESULTADOS: Os dados principais foram coletados por meio do Epimed Monitor System® e consistiram em dados demográficos, dados de comorbidades, estado funcional, escores clínicos, diagnóstico de internação e diagnósticos secundários, dados laboratoriais, clínicos e microbiológicos e suporte de órgãos durante a internação na unidade de terapia intensiva, entre outros. De outubro de 2019 a dezembro de 2020, 33.983 pacientes de 51 unidades de terapia intensiva foram incluídos no banco de dados principal. CONCLUSÃO: A plataforma IMPACTO-MR é um banco de dados clínico brasileiro de unidades de terapia intensiva focado na pesquisa do impacto das infecções por bactérias multirresistentes relacionadas à assistência à saúde. Essa plataforma fornece dados para o desenvolvimento e pesquisa de unidades de terapia intensiva individuais e ensaios clínicos observacionais e prospectivos multicêntricos.

Interações medicamentosas nos idosos em uso de anticoagulantes orais internados num hospital cardiológico / Drug interactions in elderly people making use of oral anticoagulants and hospitalized in a cardiology hospital / Interacciones medicamentosas en los ancianos en uso de anticoagulantes orales internados en un hospital cardiológico

Objective: The study's purpose has been to relate the drug interactions of oral anticoagulants with other medications used by elderly people hospitalized in a cardiology hospital. Methods: It is a prospective exploratory study with 16 elderly people taking oral anticoagulant, who were hospitalized at a governmental cardiology institution in São Paulo State over the period from November to December 2017. Results: Among 73 medicines prescribed and analyzed in the Micromedex 2.0, 24 (33.3%) interacted with Warfarin, the only prescribed oral anticoagulant. There were found Omeprazole (70; 97.2%); Dipyrone (68; 94.4%); Simvastatin (43; 59.72%); Enoxaparin (42; 58.33%); Amiodarone (29; 40.27%); Sertraline (28; 38.88%); Spironolactone (21; 29.16%); and Atenolol (11; 15.27%), whose interactions could either potentialize or inhibit the anticoagulant action. Considering the interactions, 14 (58.33%) were of moderate severity, 10 (41.66%) of high severity and 14 (58.33%) of fast effect. Conclusion: Polypharmacy and the use of oral anticoagulants in elderly patients bearing heart diseases are common events. Moreover, a better understanding about drug interactions is also required, bearing in mind that they can either potentialize or decrease the anticoagulant effect, with high or moderate severity

Objetivo: Relacionar as interações medicamentosas dos anticoagulantes orais com os medicamentos utilizados por idosos internados em hospital cardiológico. Método: Estudo exploratório, prospectivo, com 16 idosos em uso de anticoagulantes orais, internados numa instituição cardiológica governamental de São Paulo entre novembro e dezembro de 2017. Resultados: Dentre 73 medicamentos prescritos e analisados no Micromedex 2.0, 24 (33,3%) interagiam com a Varfarina, único anticoagulante oral prescrito. Encontrou-se Omeprazol (70;97,2%); Dipirona (68;94,4%); Sinvastatina (43;59,72%); Enoxaparina (42;58,33%); Amiodarona (29;40,27%); Sertralina (28;38,88%); Espironolactona (21;29,16%); e Atenolol (11;15,27%), cujas interações poderiam potencializar ou inibir a ação anticoagulante. Das interações, 14 (58,33%) eram de gravidade moderada, 10 (41,66%) maior e 14 (58,33%) de efeito rápido. Conclusão: A polifarmácia e o uso de anticoagulante oral em idosos cardiopatas é comum e, conhecer as interações medicamentosas, é imperativa, considerando que potencializam ou diminuem a ação anticoagulante, com gravidade maior ou moderada

Objetivo: Relacionar las interacciones medicamentosas de los anticoagulantes orales con los medicamentos utilizados por ancianos internados em um hospital cardiológico. Método:Estudio exploratorio, prospectivo, con 16 ancianos en uso de anticoagulantes orales, internados en una institución cardiológica gubernamental de São Paulo entre noviembre y diciembre de 2017. Resultados:Entre 73 medicamentos prescritos y analizados en el Micromedex 2.0, 24 (33,3%) interactuaban con la Varfarina, único anticoagulante oral prescrito. Se encontró Omeprazol (70, 97,2%); Dipirona (68, 94,4%); Sinvastatina (43, 59,72%); Enoxaparina (42, 58,33%); Amiodarona (29, 40,27%); Sertralina (28, 38,88%); Espironolactona (21, 29,16%); y Atenolol (11, 15,27%), cuyas interacciones podrían potenciar o inhibir la acción anticoagulante. De las interacciones, 14 (58,33%) eran de gravedad moderada, 10 (41,66%) mayor y 14 (58,33%) de efecto rápido. Conclusión: La polifarmacia y el uso de anticoagulante oral en ancianos cardiopatas es común y, conocer las interacciones medicamentosas, es imperativa, considerando que potencian o disminuyen la acción anticoagulante, con gravedad mayor o moderada